Child Marriage Is A Global Issue - 1609 Words

Child Brides are young girls married before the age of 18 years old. As of today, 1 in 3 girls are being married off in many developing countries.(girlsnotbrides.org) That is, 15 million girls under the age of 18, that are being deprived of an education, robbed of their innocence and childhood, are having their life jeopardized by health issues related to child marriage. Child marriage is a global issue, negatively affecting and violating the human rights of many young girls being married before the age of 18 years old around the world. The practice of marrying minors can be found globally, however it is found to be most concentrated in the poor rural and provincial areas of Africa, the Middle East, and Latin America. According to GirlNotBrides.org, â€Å"India has the highest (absolute) number of child brides in the world. It is estimated that 47% of girls in India are married before their 18th birthday†. They also stated, â€Å"Niger has the highest rate of child marriage in the world. Every 3 in 4 girls marry before their 18th birthday.† Child marriage has many inciting factors in developing countries, the most common being: tradition, social norm, religious beliefs, poverty, security, and gender inequality. Child marriage has been a traditional practice and social norm throughout centuries. Deviating from such practices, dishonors a family and forces them to endure being excluded and rejected from the community. However, not all the reasons for child marriage areShow MoreRelatedThe Discrimination And Unequal Treatment Of Individuals Based Solely On Their Gender1729 Words   |  7 Pagesprominent social justice issue, gender inequality, is the discrimination and unequal treatment of individuals based solely on their gender. It is a major problem all over the world, but it’s effects are especially seen in developing countries with strong, lasting cultural traditions and social regulations that don’t give females the opportunity to be equal members of society. Gender inequality can be expressed in many w ays, but one form is child marriage. Child marriage happens because of cultureRead MoreThe Problem Of Human Rights1581 Words   |  7 PagesHuman rights have yet to become the major local approach to social justice as applied to the practice of early marriage in the Amhara Regional State, in Ethiopia. Currently, the language of rights in Ethiopia is intertwined with the formal law and the packaging of rights via government channels. There is negligible political space for the international human rights norms to penetrate the community without the intermediary role of government institutions and networks. This to the large part is attributedRead MoreGender And Gender Equality866 Words   |  4 Pagesagainst in many facets of life. For instance, it can be found within the fields of health, politics, business, and education. Gender Equality with Child Marriage Child marriages, defined as a formal marriage or informal union before age 18, are an incessant problem in countless countries around the world. More often than not, the root cause of this issue is gender inequality. A popular belief in these countries are that women are inferior to men. In regards to the family structure, the females areRead MoreAnalysis Of The Movie The Wedding Day 987 Words   |  4 PagesAbout five years ago in an Indian village, three girls would be married at sundown. Their names, Radha, Gora and Rajani. This marriage like so many others like them is illegal, see Radha and Gora are 15 and 13, but Rajani is 5. Cynthia Gorney a reporter for the National Geographic reported the events of the day stating the two older ones where able to understand that they would be wed within hours but sweet little Rajani was to young to fully understand. Later she describes the impulse to save theRead MoreChild Marriage Should Not Solve Our Problems With The Same Thinking Essa y1549 Words   |  7 Pagesworld, marriage is viewed as a minute of delight and festival however the act of early marriage gives no such foundation for festival. Child marriage characterized as formal relational unions or standard and legal unions perceived as marriage before the age of 18. Marriage is similar to a school; a college with guidelines and laws. In what capacity would we be able to anticipate that a young girl will manufacture a crew? In what capacity can a girl be a mother of another kid? Child marriage is a giganticRead MoreAnalysis Of Jodhpur Girl Moves Petition And Annul Child Marriage991 Words   |  4 PagesGirl Moves Petition to Annul Child Marriage. Times of India [Mumbai] 15 May 2015: n. pag. Global Issues in Context. Web. 7 Feb. 2016. Summary: Santadevi, a nineteen year old Indian woman, was married as an infant. She and her parents now seek to annul her marriage on the grounds that it was an illegal union of minors, but Sanwlaram, the one to whom she was married, and the village community refuse to consent to this annulment and attempt to force her to accept the marriage with fines and threats ofRead MoreThe Issue Of Child Marriage843 Words   |  4 PagesFor generations, there has been a global issue called child marriage when children under 18 years old are forced to get married. In this custom, girls have no choice but to follow the arrangement of their families and people in the communities to marry somebody that they do not want to, leading to many other social problems. Unfortunately, child marriage is still considered legal and accepted in many regions, making it harder than ever to be removed. Therefore, on behalf of every individual againstRead MoreThe Problem Of Child Marriage Essay1628 Words   |  7 Pagesâ €Å"Child, early, and forced marriage is a worldwide, complex social problem that can lead to great disadvantages such as poverty, lack of education, inequality, disease and even death.† Workineh, Dejenu Kibretb, Degu (2015) defined child marriage as â€Å"any marriage carried out below the age of 18 years, before the girl is physically, physiologically, and psychologically ready to shoulder the responsibilities of marriage and childbearing† (p. 1). UNICEF defines child marriage as any formal marriageRead MoreThe Outraged Attraction Of Same Sex Marriage1631 Words   |  7 PagesAlexis Gutierrez November 24, 2015 PBL Draft Paper Describing the Outraged Attraction in Same Sex Marriage Law 11 states: â€Å"The right to enter, form, and dissolve marriage and other similar types of relationship based on equality and full and free consent. Everyone has the right to choose whether or not to marry and to enter freely and with full and free consent into marriage, partnership or other similar relationships.† (WAS, 2014) Everyone should be allowed the same rights as everyone else evenRead MoreThe Role Of Globalisation On Emergence, Development And Outcomes Of Social Movements1515 Words   |  7 Pagesare one of the major issues in society. With the rise of globalisation and emergence of international and domestic social movements the problem has been reduced however it is still alive. This essay aims to investigate the influence of globalisation on emergence, development and outcomes of social movements that seek to protect human rights. (60 words) Case One of the most serious human rights violations are forced child marriages. Child marriage is defined as a formal marriage or informal union before

Compare And Contrast Hinduism And Buddhism - 1629 Words

Throughout history, religion has been a guiding force that determines a person’s core values and directs a person down a path in their life. It is a basic belief that a person practices which can determine an individual’s life. There are hundreds of religions in the world. They evolve from different traditions and customs, as well as practices and values. Two of the most influential religions in the world are Hinduism and Buddhism. Both religions originate from South Asia and are similar in their basic beliefs and practices; though they differ in many aspects. Unlike Buddhism, Hinduism did not have a founder. It generated and expanded through India from 1500 BC and is the third largest religion in the world. It is considered to be a†¦show more content†¦These Brahman were the teachers to the royals and the priests. Many times these gifts of butter and milk were used as part of a sacrifice for a holiday or festive occasion. Also receiving free gifts from Das was the spiritual yogi in the forest. Das described this man as having a back as straight as a rod and emanating â€Å"yoga energies.† The concentration the yogi displayed while meditating almost made it look like he was levitating. Das mentioned that it was almost like he wasn’t present in the physical world and looked like the yogi had the ability to â€Å"kill or restore life.† Das was aware of the presence of divinity oozing from this man in the forest; it reminded him or royalty. Out of respect, Das brought the man gifts of food and water (Hesse 2-3). Another idea to demonstrate Hinduisms respect for the caste system, are their arranged marriages. Women don’t rank highly in the caste system. They are tolerated in order to produce a male heir. Treatment of the women is not a high priority. This can be exemplified by Das’s treatment of his wife. Das fell in love at first sight with the beautiful Pravati. He bargained with her father and came to an arrangement. Das married Pravati in exchange for helping his father-in-law with tasks around the farm. This included taking care of millet farms and rice patties. Once Das married Pravati, he keptShow MoreRelatedCompare and Contrast Hinduism and Buddhism Essay674 Words   |  3 PagesHinduism and Buddhism Some people may think that Hinduism and Buddhism are the same religions with just two different names. They aren’t, Buddhism and Hinduism both have different types of rituals, holidays, founders, and so-on. The two extensive religions of Hinduism and Buddhism have lots of information behind themselves. They are made up of cultures, rituals, practices, and many other things. â€Å"Hinduism is a collection of religious beliefs that developed slowly over a long period of timeRead MoreHinduism And Taoism802 Words   |  4 PagesCompare and Contrast: Buddhism, Taoism, and Hinduism. Both Buddhism, Taoism, and Hinduism in religious context compare through origin, philosophy, and their social structures including their outlook on women. These three religious show south east Asian roots, cultural beliefs, and social conflicts and solutions. The origin and expansion of Buddhism, Taoism, and Hinduism are similar in that all of them were created in south east region of Asia and that they each expanded through the silk road inRead MoreSimilarities Between Hinduism And Buddhism1351 Words   |  6 PagesIn this essay, I intend to compare and contrast two major religions, Hinduism and Buddhism, that came out of India thousands of years ago. Though these two religions are old, they are still practiced today by millions of followers within the continent of Asia and the West. First, I would like to introduce the religion of Hinduism. The term Hinduism was derived a river of South Asia, the Indus. This term was used by the ancient Persians to classify the people of that region of the North-West territoryRead MoreHinduism and Buddhism976 Words   |  4 Pages Buddhism and Hinduism are two of the world’s most influential and greatest religions. Buddhism is a religion based on the teachings of the awakened one (Abrams), and Hinduism is the oldest of the world’s greatest religions (Rice). Both of these religions arose in South Asia, thus they share similar culture and philosophy; however, they also contrast greatly with each other in many other aspects. By comparing the rituals of worship of the two religions it is proven that Hinduism worships variousRead MoreSimilarities Between Hinduism And Buddhism995 Words   |  4 PagesCompare and Contrast Essay Hinduism and Buddhism There are more than seven billion people living across the world and about 19 major religions with about 270 subgroups. In many states and countries, there are two or more religions that are being practiced by its residents. Hinduism and Buddhism are two of the 19 major religions, that are widely practiced. Hinduism and Buddhism both have common origins, and share similar beliefs. Both Hinduism and Buddhism are religions that focus on the way to liveRead MoreIndia s Caste System : How Were They Alike?1640 Words   |  7 Pages Table of Contents Harappa and Mohenjo Daro: How were they alike†¦.pg 2 India’s caste system†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦pg 3-4 Linking to today†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.pg 5 Buddhism/Hinduism: Compare and Contrast†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..pg 6-7 The Great Emperor: Asoka...†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.pg 8-9 Harappa and Mohenjo Daro civilizations: How were they alike? 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Hinduism was brought to India by nomadic people thousands of years ago and is a polytheistic system with various gods and goddesses as well as lesser deities. Hinduism is related to Buddhism because many early ideas found in Hinduism influenced the Buddhist teachings. Founded in the fifth century by Gautama Siddhartha Buddha,Read MoreComparison of Hinduism and Buddhism Essay772 Words   |  4 Pagesdiscuss. Origin of Hinduism The origin of Hinduism is a mystery, because there is no founder for this religion. This religion developed over four thousand years ago. There is no author for this religions scared literature. This religion is believed to originate around 2000 B.C. on the continent of India. This religion is considered one of the longest surviving religions. The first people to practice this religious belief are the Indus Valley Civilization (Bass, 2014). 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Transhumanism Controlling Robotics via Implants to the Human Brain

Question: Describe about Transhumanism: Controlling robotic via implants to the human brain? Answer: Abstract Robotics is a part of modern technology that brings out enormous possibilities for human race. In this particular project it will be discussed how robotics can become a part of human life and also with the virtue of robotics a lot of changes can be made in future. In the following assignment it will be understood how robotics can be used in human body as well as in the associate things related to mankind. The need of robotics in human life is also analyzed in this very project. Introduction This particular article is designed to describe the future prospect of emerging robotics technology on different aspects of life. Initially the focus of the paper will be within the sectors that will certainly be affected by the latest technology of robotics. Exploring the social, technological, economical, environmental, political, legal and not to forget ethical concerns of robotics that will definitely have a part to play in the modern era (Domaine, 2006). Its essential to mention that this article is specially based on the future prospective of robotics on the sector of technology (Bramer and Petridis, n.d.). The future of mankind will most definitely become dependent on science and technology. At present, technology is being implemented in most peoples everyday life. However, robotics is one of the most newly developing technologies that can show the world how the human can change their living and how the human can utilize the power of robotics to strengthen their might (Bajd, 2 010). In a single phrase it can be stated that robotics will become one major part of the human if they are able to use this technology for their own interest. As science and technology is gradually progressing, it wont be too far in to the future when new methods of robotics will be introduced to alter the lifestyle of mankind altogether. This future will be completely changed by new innovations that will certainly produce more and more improvements in living. Robotics in technology There are many ways to define how the robotics can be a vital accessory in present technology (Gatton and Kearney, 1989). Robotics is a branch of science that mainly deals with the design and programming of robots and the construction and manufacturing of it. Through the steeple analysis it will be easy to illustrate how robotics has helped to evolve the technology sector. Robotics has certainly played a hand in developing mobile technology to quite some extent from the beginning of the mobile technology (Baillieul, 1990). Mobile technology has progressed dramatically, altering its size, shape, and becoming more practical and fashionable that the mobile phone has become the everyday basic need of the human. Next this robotics has also helped to change internet sector as well. That leads to change the system of information technology. This particular technology also brings revolution in the sector of energy. It reduces the engagement of man power and helps to bring down the costs of e nergy. Added to this, the energy consumption is also reduced by uses of robotics technology. Therefore both the time and money are preserved. Due to uses of this technology the life cycle of the technological instruments has been improved to a large extent and the speed of the gadgets is also improved considerably. All importantly the rate of data transfer is highly grown by using this technology. Most importantly the robotics technology has opened the gate for new innovation. New innovations certainly bring the scope of developments. This technology is used in industry and it has suddenly changed the thinking capabilities of every industry. (Robotics has helped to change both the internet sector as well as the energy consumption)Robotics has brought a revolution in the production of every industry. By the help of a table the application sectors can be shown (Beyer, 2002). Application sector Role of robots How robots will act Defense and security Data accumulator, controlling system by following command Supply information to prepare a plan. Space Gathering knowledge Help the human to explore the universe Rescue and relief operation Gathering the positional status and plan out ways to act Robots can help in search operation where it is almost impossible for human to reach. Education Robots can work as a mentor According to the programming robots can assist a class. Entertainment Robots can work as a mentor According to the programming robots can guide a tour. It Robotics has left a huge mark on the world (Hart and Vlk, 1985). The government has also shown interest in promoting technology in different aspects for various industries, more so that theyve invested in finding newer ways to implement technology. This way robotics becomes a part of every sector in technology. The future is shown through this way. The globe has found a new method that can help in every aspect of life. (A sort of description on robotics for future prospective)Scientists and researchers are certainly moving quite a way in a long process of robotics. The new visions are so terrific that one cannot believe how robotics can change the whole system of working strategies(That is an exclamatory mode of writing that suggests the robotics can certainly change the human living to a certain extent that is way beyond of our imagination). Some examples can elaborate the process in a better way. At present, scientists have invented such robots through robotics that can help hum an to face any kind of physical challenges. The robotic technology mainly based on the programming on a virtual design that can be controlled by human without loss of any energy(That suggests without the help of human effort of human energy loss.). Though it sounds easy, its a long and lengthy process that consists of programmers, programming, codes, devices, techniques, experiments and most of all perfect logic. To obtain a working robot a scientist has to adapt different methods of science (Yes, your point of thinking is absolutely perfect)(Hemal and Menon, 2011). For example, a paralyzed patient can control a robot arm only by the thinking power alone, this results in the patient being able to carry out movement with the aid of a robot arm. Another example can show how one can control the electric devices of his house only by the gestures. In these cases one or more micro chip is used to control the robots. Technology such as the driverless car is a great example of robotics. It works on GPS (Global Positioning System) only. The robot(The driverless car can also be termed as a robot) can find the direction through GPS and acts like exactly how it is programmed (Hamberg and Verriet, 2012). So, there is some demonstration about the working process of robots. Mainly, robotics will make human life more comfortable by saving them time and effort. It also brings accuracy where there is no chance of human errors. It is important to note for better and smooth results the programming has to be perfect and it should be tested completely. Not only is robotic useful for humans, but also it provides certain benefits for every species on earth. There are many aspects still to be discovered. Many pages of robotics are still to be invented but for now it is said that the chances and possibilities in robotics is endless (Kirkwood, 2007). This will bring a new era for science and technology that can be rest assured. Future Prospective Of Robotics The part of science robotics is belonged to possibly have uncountable prospects. (that suggests robotics is belonged to such a part of science that has so much future prospects for mankind in near future).In a decade or two the human race will raise the bar of robotics to such a limit that we can merely speculate on how much the human race will adopt robotics. Many new modules of robotics are presented daily (Young, 1973). Many more are waiting to be presented. If the possibilities remain this way many more new inventions can come along in the future as well. To ensure the research work will go in a smooth way, many companies have taken an approach that no one can even have an idea of what they are working for.(Not exactly, actually companies workers have to be loyal for the company that outer world must not have any idea of the technology they are working with until the project is finished. This is also important that the project materials have to be kept secret for a certain time) In the near future, humans may encounter numerous type of future robotics. A robot or humanoid may carry out life saving surgery by operating on a patients heart within a time frame that a human couldnt compete with. It could be possible to see a programmed robot carrying out its role as a psychiatrist and treating its patients (Zhang, Sugisaka and Wu, 2000). There will be robots that can solve out the mystery of the universe in such way that human can able to travel to different galaxy. It might also possible that a robot can make it possible to allow time travel. So there are many possibilities in the science of robotics. Though some of them seems illogical to quite some extent, through evolution the illogical becomes logical. In general most of the robotic theory is based on analysis. Most importantly the vision is very important. Scientists have tried many techniques to build a robot but most of them do not work out. Still the process will go on (Mori, n.d.). There is so much ef ficiency involved in robotics. Many projects are going on at its best. Future will definitely see a total robot operated industry. Robotics can be used to control the global warming by preserving energy and stopping the excess use of energy.(This is futurology, so you have to think beyond possibilities. For instance, Robotics can be used to reduce the usage of normal sources of energy that is mostly obtained from Fossil Fuels. Therefore less uses of fossil fuel can bring global warming to keep in check) The future of war may change, countries may have automatic defense system that can be controlled by human (Sun, Behal and Chung, n.d.). This would result in wars without loss of life. At present, automated monitory system can become the all robotic surveillance system. The robotic technology is also used to prepare humanoids. Besides, many technical firms have confirmed that by using robotics and genetic algorithm they will able to make snake like module robots which will crawl like snake. These are all futuristic projects that will just a demonstration for the future of robotics. All of these modules will enhance the future prospects of this branch of technology. Added to this many new prototypes will be introduced in near future which can be proved vital for further research on this subject. New prototypes can help the investigation prospect. It can also be a part of human health service equipments that determines the future of medical science. With the aid of new robots, humans can invent more and more scientific designs which will be impossible to make without the help of them. These particular prospects are helping for development of robotics to a certain extent. Probably one cannot be able to think without robotics as it will become an integral part of human life. Clearly, robotics will dominate the future of science as well as the human race. Drawbacks of robotics Though one cannot deny the prospects of robotics, but still there are some drawbacks of it to be discussed. First of all its a very complicated division of science and technology that is especially belonged to a particular group of people who has to be so intelligent to deal with the programs, the codes and the analysis part. Therefore it is very difficult to understand the common people about what work the scientists are assigned for (LoÃÅ' pez, 2005). The involvement of people in this case will be less for this. Furthermore, for the cause of experiments and research a large amount of money has to be invested. Therefore, for every ongoing research work of robotics the flow of capital is a very vital point irrespective of its future prospect. Some of the research can cause a huge monetary damage for a company (Roberts, 1999). There are few other drawbacks too. As robotics is used in industry to manufacture more and more products, the job sectors will surly receive a knock back. M any companies are working with robotic machines which can do the work of many workers, so the labor market has to see jobless claims rising. More importantly, through some researches it is found that the quality of product made by robotic machines is inferior to that of human made things. Also in some of the heavy industry robots are consuming large amount of energy and proper maintenance of robots is needed to work it perfectly. This can also cost a certain amount of money. However to conclude the drawbacks, it should be discussed that by relying heavily on robotic technology to build an easier life for the humans, it may result in losing some of the spirit of hard work and eventually making most of the human race redundant. One must not forget robots can also be a deadly weapon in wars too. Therefore if the robotic technology can be used in destructing way it can probably end the humanity. Therefore, to work with the machines human has to be more ethical and honest to mankind, oth erwise in a click of a button the sign of humanity will be vanished (Naitoh, 2008). It all rests on how human use the science of robotics. Mainly, robots are a prototype of human brain, so it becomes a duty of human that how the robot is programmed. In the near future it could be possible to assign robots with a brain to operate similar to human. However, with these types of experiments scientists have to be more careful. Humans are superior in this planet and they should always dominate robots. The key should be rested in human hand. Conclusion With every invention in this world two possibilities can be found. Firstly, it is used for mankind or secondly it will be used against mankind. Therefore, the human race should be somewhat wary in using the robotics technology. In spite of several drawbacks one can never underestimate the value attached with the robotics for human cause. By using robotics medical science can achieve the top of success so that to the technology sectors (Asimov and Frenkel, 1985). Humans at present are surrounded by robotic technology in some way or form. The future is very clear to mankind so as the possibilities related to robotics, if science and technology can be used for mankind.(As this is a futurology project you can add a few of these) Every country is trying to invent new sort of robotic prototypes which will help in the defense sector, industrial sector and so on. Robotic technology can certainly aid the disable. It can bring happiness and joy to the face of many in difficult situation where human could probably be a mere spectators.(Some of them may be robotics equipments and some of them mostly humanoids) That will certainly help for the cause of humanity (Patel, Honavar and Balakrishnan, 2001). So to the development of robotics it is very important that the government and investors will see the future and help to grow the technology to its utmost pick. The robotics technology is still in its early stages, a long way is still has to be covered. At this very decade the speed of improvement in the particular stream is quite noticeable. Fortunately humans have the power to control robots at its will. The day is not far when every human can see the ultimate power of robotics and certainly can use it to carry out their everyday life. Probably an eye blink would turn off the light and the door will open of a house automatically with sound detection only (Potter et al., 1983). Though these are very nominal examples of future but the world will definitely belong to the age of robotics. References Asimov, I. and Frenkel, K. (1985).Robots, machines in man's image. New York: Harmony Books. Baillieul, J. (1990).Robotics. Providence, R.I.: American Mathematical Society. Bajd, T. (2010).Robotics. Dordrecht: Springer. Beyer, M. (2002).Robotics. New York: Children's Press. Bramer, M. and Petridis, M. (n.d.).Research and Development in Intelligent Systems XXX. Domaine, H. (2006).Robotics. Minneapolis: Lerner Publications. Gatton, T. and Kearney, F. (1989).Automation and robotics in construction. Champaign, Ill.: US Army Corps of Engineers, Construction Engineering Research Laboratory. Hamberg, R. and Verriet, J. (2012).Automation in warehouse development. London: Springer. Hart, A. and Vlk, S. (1985).Robotics. Blue Ridge Summit, Pa.: Tab Books. Hemal, A. and Menon, M. (2011).Robotics in genito-urinary surgery. New York: Springer. Kirkwood, W. (2007). Development of the DORADO mapping vehicle for multibeam, subbottom, and sidescan science missions.J. Field Robotics, 24(6), pp.487-495. LoÃÅ' pez, B. (2005).Artificial intelligence research and development. Amsterdam: IOS Press. Mori, K. (n.d.).Concept-Oriented Research and Development in Information Technology. Naitoh, K. (2008). Engine for cerebral development.Artif Life Robotics, 13(1), pp.18-21. Patel, M., Honavar, V. and Balakrishnan, K. (2001).Advances in the evolutionary synthesis of intelligent agents. Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press. Potter, T., Guild, I., Gower, J. and Myring, L. (1983).Robotics. London: Usborne. Roberts, J. (1999). Development of a 3500-Tonne Field Robot.The International Journal of Robotics Research, 18(7), pp.739-752. Sun, Y., Behal, A. and Chung, C. (n.d.).New development in robot vision. Young, J. (1973).Robotics. New York: Wiley. Zhang, Y., Sugisaka, M. and Wu, X. (2000). Bottom-up development of multicellular digital organisms.Artif Life Robotics, 4(3), pp.143-147.